範例
關於測試 Svelte 組件和其他 Svelte 功能的額外資源、模式和最佳實踐,請查看Svelte Society 測試配方。
基本
這個基本範例示範如何
- 使用
render
將 props 傳遞到您的 Svelte 組件 - 使用
screen
查詢組件的 DOM 元素結構 - 使用
@testing-library/user-event
與您的組件互動 - 使用
expect
,使用來自@testing-library/jest-dom
的匹配器進行斷言
greeter.svelte
<script>
export let name
let showGreeting = false
const handleClick = () => (showGreeting = true)
</script>
<button on:click="{handleClick}">Greet</button>
{#if showGreeting}
<p>Hello {name}</p>
{/if}
greeter.test.js
import {render, screen} from '@testing-library/svelte'
import userEvent from '@testing-library/user-event'
import {expect, test} from 'vitest'
import Greeter from './greeter.svelte'
test('no initial greeting', () => {
render(Greeter, {name: 'World'})
const button = screen.getByRole('button', {name: 'Greet'})
const greeting = screen.queryByText(/hello/iu)
expect(button).toBeInTheDocument()
expect(greeting).not.toBeInTheDocument()
})
test('greeting appears on click', async () => {
const user = userEvent.setup()
render(Greeter, {name: 'World'})
const button = screen.getByRole('button')
await user.click(button)
const greeting = screen.getByText(/hello world/iu)
expect(greeting).toBeInTheDocument()
})
事件
可以使用間諜函式測試事件。如果您使用 Vitest,您可以使用 vi.fn()
來建立間諜。
資訊
考慮使用函式 props 來簡化事件測試。
button-with-event.svelte
<button on:click>click me</button>
button-with-prop.svelte
<script>
export let onClick
</script>
<button on:click="{onClick}">click me</button>
button.test.ts
import {render, screen} from '@testing-library/svelte'
import userEvent from '@testing-library/user-event'
import {expect, test, vi} from 'vitest'
import ButtonWithEvent from './button-with-event.svelte'
import ButtonWithProp from './button-with-prop.svelte'
test('button with event', async () => {
const user = userEvent.setup()
const onClick = vi.fn()
const {component} = render(ButtonWithEvent)
component.$on('click', onClick)
const button = screen.getByRole('button')
await user.click(button)
expect(onClick).toHaveBeenCalledOnce()
})
test('button with function prop', async () => {
const user = userEvent.setup()
const onClick = vi.fn()
render(ButtonWithProp, {onClick})
const button = screen.getByRole('button')
await user.click(button)
expect(onClick).toHaveBeenCalledOnce()
})
插槽
無法直接測試插槽。通常更容易組織程式碼,以便您可以測試面向使用者的結果,將任何插槽保留為實作細節。
但是,如果插槽是您組件面向開發者的重要 API,您可以使用包裝組件和「虛擬」子組件來測試它們。當以這種方式測試插槽時,測試 ID 會很有幫助。
heading.svelte
<h1>
<slot />
</h1>
heading.test.svelte
<script>
import Heading from './heading.svelte'
</script>
<Heading>
<span data-testid="child" />
</Heading>
heading.test.js
import {render, screen, within} from '@testing-library/svelte'
import {expect, test} from 'vitest'
import HeadingTest from './heading.test.svelte'
test('heading with slot', () => {
render(HeadingTest)
const heading = screen.getByRole('heading')
const child = within(heading).getByTestId('child')
expect(child).toBeInTheDocument()
})
雙向資料綁定
無法直接測試雙向資料綁定。通常更容易組織程式碼,以便您可以測試面向使用者的結果,將綁定保留為實作細節。
但是,如果雙向綁定是您組件面向開發者的重要 API,您可以使用包裝組件和可寫入的儲存來測試綁定本身。
text-input.svelte
<script>
export let value = ''
</script>
<input type="text" bind:value="{value}" />
text-input.test.svelte
<script>
import TextInput from './text-input.svelte'
export let valueStore
</script>
<TextInput bind:value="{$valueStore}" />
text-input.test.js
import {render, screen} from '@testing-library/svelte'
import userEvent from '@testing-library/user-event'
import {get, writable} from 'svelte/store'
import {expect, test} from 'vitest'
import TextInputTest from './text-input.test.svelte'
test('text input with value binding', async () => {
const user = userEvent.setup()
const valueStore = writable('')
render(TextInputTest, {valueStore})
const input = screen.getByRole('textbox')
await user.type(input, 'hello world')
expect(get(valueStore)).toBe('hello world')
})
上下文
如果您的組件需要存取上下文,您可以在 render
組件時傳遞這些上下文。當您使用諸如 context
之類的選項時,請務必將 props 放在 props
鍵下。
notifications-provider.svelte
<script>
import {setContext} from 'svelte'
import {writable} from 'svelte/stores'
setContext('messages', writable([]))
</script>
notifications.svelte
<script>
import {getContext} from 'svelte'
export let label
const messages = getContext('messages')
</script>
<div role="status" aria-label="{label}">
{#each $messages as message (message.id)}
<p>{message.text}</p>
<hr />
{/each}
</div>
notifications.test.js
import {render, screen} from '@testing-library/svelte'
import {readable} from 'svelte/store'
import {expect, test} from 'vitest'
import Notifications from './notifications.svelte'
test('notifications with messages from context', async () => {
const messages = readable([
{id: 'abc', text: 'hello'},
{id: 'def', text: 'world'},
])
render(Notifications, {
context: new Map([['messages', messages]]),
props: {label: 'Notifications'},
})
const status = screen.getByRole('status', {name: 'Notifications'})
expect(status).toHaveTextContent('hello world')
})